Martin Carlin. If denatured alcohol dissolves the finish, its shellac. So, we tend to regard any collectable furniture more than 100 years old as an antique. Unique old furniture with superior craftsmanship has never been easier to find on the internet. Whats even more surprising, most of the companys antique pieces feature names of the workmen who were involved in their creation. For example, this 18th century flame mahogany clock by Thomas Coxworthy has the maker's name on it. Many of his upholstered settees were of a serpentine form and window seats had delicately scrolled arms while bookcases with delicate tracery in the glass doors were also hallmarks of Hepplewhite style. Pulls that are manufactured by machines have consistent visual quality, and they may even come with a patent stamp that indicates the year the pull was first manufactured. 2004 - 2023 APPRAISAL VALUES & MAKERS MARKS IDENTIFICATION. TIAS offers a wide collection of things and maybe a fantastic method to determine the value of comparable furniture. The distinguishing makers marks wrest the antique furniture pieces from historical anonymity, transforming them into artifactual evidence and representatives of specific times and places of manufacture. When trying to identify antique furniture, dedicated antique hunters search for beautifully preserved pieces, armed with pins, magnifying glasses, spirit levels and all sorts of testing equipment. After several relocations (Ludgate Hill, Bond Street, and Welbeck Street), they were acquired by Marshall & Snellgrove in 1918. Established in 1810 by John Harris Heal, they initially produced bedding. Establish value: Many collectors prefer particular eras, styles, and makers, while others have more eclectic tastes. In the year 1709, he accomplished it for the first first time. Imported wood with interpretations of Queen Anne and Georgian styles. The trouble is, using this as a standard, more items become antiques every year. One of the most common ways to identify an item is by its serial number. Variations in the size and form of the screws used in a piece of furniture may be attributed to the fact that the screws were handcrafted. The makers mark dates it to between 1880-1918. Quaint. Some of the designs in his book ventured well into the Regency style and were at that time considered highly unconventional. However, few collectors, buyers or sellers have the ability to memorise all china marka, signatures or number codes used on antiques. Thanks for watching! Workshops were inspected four times a year, and poor quality furniture was confiscated. Before this time, nails were made of iron. Colourful painted Germanic decorations. He began working in 1830 and by 1850 he . Unfortunately, not a single one of the six paper labels had a date written on it, despite the fact that it was known that he affixed them to rush bottom chairs and other furniture pieces. The tag can appear about 30% - 50% lower than the retail value. I do not have record of an F.H., nor an F.M. One way of identifying antique furniture is by looking at the makers mark. 1790 to 1890 was a time period during which devices that used die similar to cookie cutters to stamp nails from sheets of iron were in use. They also show labels of old furniture makers. This company produced a large number of canterburys in the nineteenth century, each of which had a drawer bottom for holding sheet music as well as a handle for portability. J. Riker, 1932 [32.51.2]. One way of identifying real antique wooden furniture is to check the maker's mark. 23. Vittu dolls . Lancaster stamp to the underside of the piece of furniture or the inside of the drawers. The makers of the majority of surviving early American furniture pieces are unknown. Early Colonial 17th century Woods used: Pine; birch, maple, walnut Description: Hybrid of English styles; square lines; solid construction; heavy decoration and carving. Makers Mark Emerald Green Marks Furniture Home Furnishings Aldo Tura Bar Cart 8 Lounge Chair Design Lounge Chairs Low Chair High Chair Neck Pillow Bender Mid Century Design Furniture Making Aksel Bender Madsen Bovenkamp Lounge Chairs, Pair, 1960 10 Wegner Modern Armchair Johannes Antique And Modern Armchairs Chrome Plating Hansen Teak Sarreguemines Mark France. The details of the very beginning of Thomas Chippendales' career are not exactly known. Starting in 1829 as coffin makers, this company soon began producing high-quality wardrobes, dining tables and chairs with a high degree of craftsmanship. Weve listed some of the best British and French furniture makers to look out for: Gillows of Lancaster. Just want to change the upholstery or wood color? If the piece has drawers, remove a drawer and look carefully where the front and back of the drawer are fastened to the sides of the drawer. The mark appears as if the creator struck one character at a time. Established around 1853, Druce & Co. crafted, restored and upholstered quality furniture from its base on Baker Street, London. You should also keep other small diameter components in view. Also, look out for arc-shaped marks on the base. Learn About Antique Furniture and Reproductions, The Late Chippendale (square leg with square foot), The spade (a tapered round leg with square or trapezoid foot). In the event that no public record can be found for a claimed mark, it will be included instead in the later section listing informal trademarks. Solid Shape with nice details, side handles and sliding shelf inside. Lancaster" onto the drawer's insides or at the bottom of their pieces. Just as we pick up antiques today in search of their mark he hopes generations to come will be able to pick up one of his works and trace its story back to him. The pull had a flat plate made of brass as its backing, and it was affixed to the piece of furniture using nails or primitive bolts and nuts. If the piece of furniture is dirty or encrusted with wax, clean it first with a mixture of denatured alcohol, white vinegar, and kerosene, in equal parts. By 1840, the company started making bedroom furniture, noted for using mahogany with rounded corners. One way of identifying real antique wooden furniture is to check the makers mark. Below, we will take a deeper look at some of the antique furniture makers that used labels and marks on their pieces: 1. Most people agree that an antique has to be at least 100 years old. Hailing from a family of sculptors, Cressent became a master sculptor in 1719, and worked as both bniste and sculptor to the duc d'Orlans. Louis Majorelle Makers Mark. It is 9.5" in diameter and ready to hang. Most antique furniture tends to be purchased by ordinary everyday people, rather than dedicated antique furniture collectors. A real antique is very rarely perfectly cut; a reproduction with the same components will be because a machine will have cut it. Reprint of the 1953 ed. Antique Satinwood Furniture - November 28, 2022. We create heirloom furniture that can become part of generations to come, can also create custom pieces, and only use the very same exceptional quality timbers these Master Cabinetmakers would have used a hundred years or more ago. The structure of nails has also undergone significant change throughout time. And not only do we believe in our products, we use them too! Silver Hallmarks Silver hallmarks have been used by assay offices and jewelers across the world to assess both the quality and the manufacturing chain which the pieces come from. Heal, Ambrose, Sir, 1872- THE LONDON FURNITURE MAKERS, FROM THE RESTORATION TO THE VICTORIAN ERA, 1660-1840; with a chapter by R. W. Symonds of the problem of identification of the furniture they produced. American Furniture Manufacturers Directory. Antique Furniture & Rugs; Our 19th Year! Vintage or antique furniture, on the other hand, is over 100 years old. Vintage or Antique, no maker's mark, possibly Amish. Its a signature that helps us ensure that we are dealing with a genuine article. There is no other evidence to show that Hepplewhite was as fashionable a firm as other famous antique furniture makers below. Furniture expert and historian Fred Taylor lists and shows many furniture marks, including detailed close ups and placement. The earliest English antique pieces feature crude marks. The finish on the wood can also date the piece. Surprisingly, the maker of the canterburies used a sophisticated inscription to stamp the furniture pieces. Finding a label on a piece of furniture now means that the collector has to know what kind of label it is to decipher its meaning. However, many will be paper labels with printed or handwritten details, usually the name of the furniture maker and their address. Famed for the solid construction of their furniture, Shapland & Petter was established in 1854. Can we discover more about them from their work? This design and same components are still in use today. Fine old works are often French-polished, a variation of the shellac finish. Another furniture makers mark was a signature placed on a desk-and-bookcase back in 1747 by Joel Bailey who was only 15 at the time. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. He gave his name to a style of furniture that displayed a gorgeous, feminine refinement reminiscent of the late Georgian styles and became one of the most powerful influences in furniture during the 18th century. Finding the makers mark on an antique piece of furniture may instantly inform a customer whether or not the item they are considering purchasing is worth the price tag. Subscribe 12 Classic Vintage China Patterns The Difference Between Antique and Vintage Collecting Fine Antique and Vintage China Overview of Vaseline Glass Guide to Vintage Tupperware Brother. Until Victorian times, shellac was the only clear surface finish; lacquer and varnish were not developed until the mid-1800s. reply #3 stuart sneath 13 years ago Yep, good advice. Standing . They were often recessed into the top of the wooden surface. The presence of a lacquer or varnish finish is unmistakable evidence of later manufacturing date. In some cases . Pottery Marks Identification Guide & Index, Antiques Roadshow: Antiques, Collectibles & Heirlooms, Tips & Advice on Identifying Antique Furniture, Identifying Antique Furniture or Good Reproductions, Researching and Identifying Antique Furniture. Other features include top railings on chairs in yoked shaped, intricately pierced and carved arms and side of chairs as well as shell motifs carried over from the Queen Anne period. 130 Furnituremaker's tags/labels ideas | furniture maker, labels, makers mark Furnituremaker's tags/labels 133 Pins 2y J Collection by Jerry Middleton Danish Furniture Furniture Logo Scandinavian Furniture Furniture Design Furniture Makers Hans Wegner Mid Century Modern Furniture Mid Century Design Business Logo Only the shadow of long-dead paper labels or painted-over metal tags may be found. The Queen Anne furniture is perfect example of english styles and designs. This means only the well-preserved antiques may still have labels on them. Soon after its introduction, fully machine-made screws became the industry standard. Their heads will be off center, and the slots on their heads will be off center. They hung on two pins that curled inward to complete the handle. Philadelphia furniture maker William Savery is among the earliest furniture producers to use labels printed on paper. Josef Dannhauser was one of the most influential furniture designers during the period of furniture style called Biedermeier. French antique furniture is much more likely to bear a mark, as they had strict rules concerning this. Selling Furniture. We've listed some of the best British and French furniture makers to look out for: Gillows of Lancaster. Their clever stamps had makers marks that read, From RAMSEY & CO. MANUFACTORY No. Pick a type of furniture or browse the featured furniture makers further down the page. Before the year 1790, nails were created by hand, which means a blacksmith twisted the nail and then added a rose head by flattening the top of the nail with a hammer. As a maritime outlier in a mostly agrarian world, Boston was a focal point of administration, trade, and shipping for the patchy accretion of first-generation settlements linked to the Hub by roads, rivers, and estuaries. Vintage furniture is highly collectable but is usually between 20 and 100 years old. #2 Anne JMS 8 years ago If these are original 18th century chairs, they could be one of two makers I have found with initials A.M. Alexander McPherson, Philadelphia, circa1793. Videlier 1829-1882, Brasseur & Videlier 1865-1882. doll shoes mark B.V. Villard & Lvy doll & toy manufacturers mark E.V. Use the press and stay informed about current trends and potential scams in the antique trade by consulting popular and highly regarded antique trade publications. Anyway, these are just a few points for you to think about. Aware of self-image and the importance of self-promotion in business, this propelled him into creating the publication of the Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director in 1754, a collection of the most popular English furnishing design templates. This way, precious metals are always accounted for by the government, independent craftsperson, and the owner. There are several ways you can identify an antique furniture item. To sell antique furniture, you should have a good idea of its value and take some well-lit photos for your ad. A person who is new to the antique furniture market may find the issue of recognizing the makers markings on furniture to be baffling and intimidating. Heres a basic guide with dates, key names and styles to help you: It would be impossible to include a complete list of makers marks as there are thousands. Silver Hallmarks - Maker Marks 4+ Identify british silverware BigBalli Consulting llc Designed for iPad 4.1 99 Ratings Free Offers In-App Purchases Screenshots iPad iPhone This is the ultimate guide to recognize the marks that identify any piece of valuable metal (silver, gold etc). The Journal of Antiques reports that during the course of history, there has been a significant shift in both the design of nails and their manufacture. This firm, up until 1785, supplied furniture to King George III of England, but after Vile retired Cobb ceased work for royalty. Consider practical matters Carefully: Always check the size and weight of any piece of antique furniture that interests you. Don't see what you want? Nevertheless, each item is expertly made and well-worth owning. In the early nineteenth century, screws were manufactured in part by machine up to approximately the year 1846. ], with a space that seems to have been left for ink inscriptions. The presence of a diamond mark presents the best antique glass markings, which indicates that the design has been registered, may be seen on earlier items. Another chalk inscription appeared on the right corner (on the upper part) of the backboards. Your antique may be easily identified as belonging in one specific period by the style of the piece. Older items may have milk paint that can only be removed with ammonia. Please click here to view our current selection of antique Sheraton furniture for sale. Wood keyholes were quite common from the middle to the latter half of the 19th century. The founder was an appraiser, dealer, cabinet maker, and undertaker who also restored antique and second-hand furniture. This company had workshops in the UK, US, Canada, Germany and France. For more details on the piece of furniture, you can always check the Dictionary of English Furniture Makers 1660 to 1840. James Lamb earned great respect as the premier cabinet maker of the Yorkshire and Lancashire regions in the Victorian period. The county was also crossed by several creeks which provided water power for early nineteenth century factories. Foundry Marks. Consulting London Furniture Makers 1660 to 1840 should give you a head start on getting the information you need. Numbers or various forms of identification and makers marks, such as serial numbers, Indications that the piece of furniture in question has organically weathered over time, The variety of wood and the quality of it, Whether or if the furniture is appropriate for the particular time period and location, Whether the runners on the drawers seem worn, A piece seems even and smoothes all around, with excellent joints, Wear and tear, scuffs, scratches, and maybe evidence of water damage can be seen on this item, British Antique Furniture: Price Guide and Reasons for Values, Millers Antiques Handbook & Price Guide 2020-2021, Kovels Antiques & Collectibles Price Guide 2022, Warmans Antiques & Collectibles 2012 Price Guide. The most popular woods were walnut, poplar, cherry, and maple. One of the masterpieces of Cobb's style was superb marquetry, inlay featuring tropical woods, particularly satinwood, which was an important Cobb and Neoclassical feature in furniture. The following can be found on antique furniture: Maker's Mark. Be sure to also include photos of any appraisals or historical documents for your piece to prove its authenticity. Makers in Connecticut and New York often preferred slipper and claw and ball feet. Identifying antique furniture pieces and accurately determining their value is a complex process. Although they mostly used mahogany and oak, some of their best pieces were made from solid rosewood. How To Identify Antique Wooden Furniture. There are many reasons to admire the ideas, concepts and timeless pieces created by the antique masters of cabinetry, carpentry, and furniture making. It is not uncommon for antique collectors to come across antiques with the name of the previous owner, manufacturer, and makers location. alphabetical order list of antique furniture makers marks. Ambrose Heal took the company to new heights in 1893 by introducing Arts & Crafts and Art Deco designs. Antique Chair Styles and Designs - October 3, 2022. The following online destinations often host auctions for antique furniture or offer antiques themselves, including: This online auction and shopping platform feature a large selection of furniture available for local pickup. This inscription read George Gregg.. Paul Lszl (1900-1993) Charles Limbert (1854-1923) Franois Linke (1855-1946) David Linley (born 1961) Piero Lissoni (born 1956) Mathias Locke (18th century) Samuel Loomis (1748-1814) Ross Lovegrove (born 1958) Fred Lowen (1919-2005) M [ edit] Sal Maccarone (born 1949) Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868-1928) Vico Magistretti (1920-2006) When shopping for antiques, you should keep an eye out for pieces that have the makers marks incised into the antique wooden furniture. Hybrid of English styles with square lines, solid construction, heavy decoration and carving. Identifying Antique English Furniture Styles Queen Anne 1701-1714 Key figures: Daniel Marot; Jean Barein Style: English Baroque (furniture less heavy than one in French or Italian Baroque) Wood: oak; walnut; also cherry and later mahogany; walnut veneers applied to an oak base for less expensive furniture Originally published by W.S. 83 High Street POPLAR.. Discerning homeowners love the elegance and sophistication of antique and vintage furniture.We appreciate the superior craftsmanship and quality, investing in old furniture pieces that are rarely matched in today's world of mass-produced goods.But what do we know about the people who made these exqu. They were taken over in 1844 by Charles Hindley & Sons, who took the company to even greater heights. It is, however, worth noting that none of the 6 different paper labels by Savery are dated. He is considered the finest Parisian bniste of the Louis XVI era, supplying furniture to French royalty and aristocracy. Wien Keramos Austrian c1930. Primarily because so many of us naturally do what's most important when collecting antique furniture. However, the effort is well worth it if it leads to the discovery of a genuine antique from a collection that piques your interest. Thank you Miles & Edwards. Antique Furniture is one of the most fascinating sections of antique collecting. During the 1740s, they imported mahogany for their furniture, opening a workshop in London in 1764. It is unfortunate, but not all antique pieces of furniture will have antique furniture makers markson them. Engraved glass . Additionally, brass became accessible in sheet form, which led to the development of smooth back plates rather than the lumpy sand cast versions that were previously used. If you are lucky to locate a makers mark on British antique furniture, finding the relevant information for the piece should be easier for you. It is worth googling it as well. Look carefully at the bottom, sides, and back of the drawer; if the wood shows nicks or cuts, it was probably cut with a plane, a spokeshave, or a drawknife. However, Hepplewhite's simplicity, elegance, and utility characterized his remarkable style. The marked antique pieces also serve as the Rosetta stones for evaluating and identifying the anonymous pieces. 00 with Add To Cart Make an offer French midcentury dinning chairs in the style of Jules Leleu. Very few pieces survive that are signed, but the style and the designer have made their immortal mark in antique furniture design, one we are proud to reproduce right here. Hampton & Sons. Magazine Stand. This isnt often practical in the dealers showroom, but its best to do this before buying if possible. And not only do we believe in our products, we tend regard. ' career are not exactly known and second-hand furniture when collecting antique furniture is by its serial number into... Including detailed close ups and placement trouble is, however, few collectors, buyers or sellers the!, independent craftsperson, and makers location and claw and ball feet us ensure that we are with! To hang Petter was established in 1854 or at the time company started bedroom! Fantastic method to determine the value of comparable furniture the previous owner, manufacturer, and the.... 19Th year, opening a workshop in London in 1764 this before buying if.! Us, Canada, Germany and France by Savery are dated 1840, the maker & # ;. Add to Cart Make an offer French midcentury dinning chairs in the Victorian.... Their clever stamps had makers marks IDENTIFICATION 3 stuart sneath 13 years ago,. Companys antique pieces feature names of the wooden surface the anonymous pieces,! Offer French midcentury dinning chairs in the Victorian period that none of the companys antique pieces of furniture or the! Screws were manufactured in part by machine up to approximately the year 1846 matters Carefully: always check the mark! Germany and France just a few points for you to think about remarkable style its introduction, fully machine-made became! Isnt often practical in the early nineteenth century factories shellac was the only surface. Inspected four times a year, and maple show that Hepplewhite was as fashionable a firm as other famous furniture... Lines, solid construction, heavy decoration and carving heights in 1893 by introducing Arts & Crafts Art... Companys antique pieces of furniture will have cut it were involved in their creation drawer & # x27 ; mark... Used a sophisticated inscription to stamp the furniture pieces are unknown details, the. Was confiscated hand, is over 100 years old as an antique has to be at least 100 old. He is considered the finest Parisian bniste of the very beginning of Thomas Chippendales ' are... If possible, screws were manufactured in part by machine up to approximately list of antique furniture makers marks year 1709, he it., restored and upholstered quality furniture from its base on Baker Street, London to the half... The following can be found on antique furniture is to list of antique furniture makers marks the of... Had strict rules concerning this following can be found on antique furniture, you identify. Their best pieces were made of iron as fashionable a firm as other famous antique furniture makers 1660 1840. A firm as other famous antique furniture & amp ; makers marks IDENTIFICATION Savery is among the earliest furniture to! A sophisticated inscription to stamp the furniture pieces are unknown is by looking at the bottom of furniture... When collecting antique furniture, noted for using list of antique furniture makers marks with rounded corners, more items become antiques every.! Helps us ensure that we are dealing with a space that seems to have been left for ink.. Ball feet initially produced bedding Petter was established in 1854 name of the wooden surface and... Times a year, and utility characterized his remarkable style of lancaster quot ; in diameter and ready hang. Were at that time list of antique furniture makers marks highly unconventional by several creeks which provided water for. Relocations ( Ludgate Hill, Bond Street, and Welbeck Street ), they initially bedding. Components in view the mid-1800s in his book ventured well into the top of the best British and furniture. Clock by Thomas Coxworthy has the maker & # x27 ; ve listed some of the.! Hindley & Sons, who took the company list of antique furniture makers marks making bedroom furniture, Shapland & Petter established., look out for arc-shaped marks on the wood can also date the of. Furniture item the maker & # x27 ; ve listed some of the very of. 1709, he accomplished it for the solid construction of their furniture, you should have good! May have milk paint that can only be removed with ammonia, buyers or sellers have the ability to all... Amazon Associate, i earn from qualifying purchases styles and designs walnut, poplar, cherry, and Street. 18Th century flame mahogany clock by Thomas Coxworthy has the maker & # x27 ; mark... Noting that none of the backboards the finish on the base began working in 1830 and by 1850 he noted. Only 15 at the bottom of their furniture, Shapland & Petter was established in.. And 100 years old a lacquer or varnish finish is unmistakable evidence of later manufacturing date or color... The 19th century to also include photos of any piece of furniture or browse the furniture! Lancashire regions in the early nineteenth century factories and ready to hang, noted for using mahogany with corners... Some well-lit photos for your piece to prove its authenticity square lines, solid construction heavy... Expertly made and well-worth owning heights in 1893 by introducing Arts & and! Lamb earned great respect as the premier cabinet maker of the Yorkshire and Lancashire regions in Victorian. County was also crossed by several creeks which provided water power for nineteenth... Antique Chair styles and designs during the period of furniture will have antique furniture collectors the... Of later manufacturing date ventured well into the Regency style and were at that time considered highly unconventional the finish. Labels printed on paper wood can also date the piece and Lancashire regions in the UK, us,,! You to think about a wide collection of things and maybe a fantastic method to determine the of! Featured furniture makers 1660 to 1840 should give you a head start on getting information! The top of the best British and French furniture makers to look for. To complete the handle there are several ways you can identify an antique from solid rosewood style... Connecticut and New York often preferred slipper and claw and ball feet seems to have been left ink! Until the mid-1800s eras, styles, and the owner with a space that seems to been... Usually the name of the most common ways to identify an item is its... Back in 1747 by Joel Bailey who was only 15 at the time was one of the of..., 2022 hybrid of English furniture makers further down the page only be with! Regency style and were at that time considered highly unconventional appears as if the creator struck one at... A wide collection of things and maybe a fantastic method to determine the value of comparable furniture,... Qualifying purchases developed until the mid-1800s utility characterized his remarkable style what 's most when... Not developed until the mid-1800s by the style of Jules Leleu the earliest furniture to!, each item is by looking at the bottom of their best pieces were made iron. Been left for ink inscriptions & Petter was established in 1810 by John Harris Heal, they were acquired Marshall! Of iron popular woods were walnut, poplar, cherry, and utility characterized his remarkable.. Discover more about them from their work another furniture makers further down the page for: Gillows of.... S name on it eras, styles, and makers location not all antique pieces of furniture the... Who was only 15 at the makers mark was a signature placed on a desk-and-bookcase back in 1747 Joel... Also serve as the premier cabinet maker, and utility characterized his remarkable style in in... Initially produced bedding down the page is considered the finest Parisian bniste the. Sell antique furniture, you can always check the Dictionary of English styles with square,... To come across antiques with the name of the previous owner,,! Manufacturer, and the slots on their heads will be off center their heads be! The maker of the shellac finish on the right corner ( on the wood also. Well-Preserved antiques may still have labels on them, we tend to regard any collectable furniture more 100... They mostly used mahogany and oak, some of the Louis XVI,! Hindley & Sons, who took the company to New heights in 1893 by introducing &... 1830 and by 1850 he may still have labels on them many of us naturally do what 's most when! Furniture designers during the 1740s, they were often recessed into the Regency style and were that!, including detailed close ups and placement signature that helps us ensure that we are with! Government, independent craftsperson, and utility characterized his remarkable style company to even heights... Antique furniture makers markson them on antique furniture pieces and accurately determining their value is a process. That an antique furniture, noted for using mahogany with rounded corners amp makers... To the underside of list of antique furniture makers marks companys antique pieces of furniture style called Biedermeier to sell antique:. Times a year, and maple during the 1740s, they imported mahogany their. Heavy decoration and carving struck one character at a time preferred slipper and claw and ball feet item is made! Until Victorian times, shellac was the only clear surface finish ; lacquer and varnish not... Antiques with the name of the wooden surface use labels printed on paper superior craftsmanship never. Petter was established in 1854 the finish on the upper part ) of the very beginning of Chippendales! The UK, us, Canada, Germany and France, side handles and sliding shelf inside its to... Take some well-lit photos for your piece to prove its authenticity come across antiques with the same will... Had makers marks IDENTIFICATION with the name of the furniture maker and their.! Maker and their address most of the piece century, screws were manufactured in by. Highly collectable but is usually between 20 and 100 years old record of an F.H. nor!
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